Apparatus for wireless telephony and telegraphy



June 25, 1929.. I R. RANZINI I 1,718,255

APPARATUS FOR WIRELESS TELEPHONY AND TELEGRAPHY Filed Oct. 16, 1925 IN VEN TOR.

A TTORNE Y.

Patented June 25, 1929.

warren s'rarss ROMEO RANZINI, OF S. PAULO, BRAZIL.

APPARATUS FOR WIRELESS TELEPHONY AND TELEGRAPHY.

Application filed October 16, 1925, Serial No. 62,711, and in Brazil August 24, 1925.

My invent-ion relates to apparatus for wireless telephony and telcgraphy, and has for its object to improve the reception of signals.

As is well known, apparatus for wireless telephony and telcgraphy (radio telephony and radio telegraphy) comprises solenoids, or induction coils, consisting of a cylindrical, prismatic or spherical core on which is wound a. conducting wire of non-magnetic material, such as copper, either uncovered or covered with cotton, silk or varnish or any other suitable insulating material, in one or more layers, the wire being plain copper wire wound in turns very close to each other.

Now, I have discovered that by the use of a wire, either uncovered or covered with fabric or varnished, consisting of a series of very small loops, a marked advantage as regards range, clearness of audition, absence of disturbances and elimination of interfering waves in said apparatus is obtained.

Taking, for instance, a small installation, such as those ordinarily used by amateurs of radio-telephony, in which reception is defective and the range small and substituting for the plain wire of its coils a looped wire in accordancewith my invention, without making any other chancge in the installation, I have obtained surprising results as regards the clearness 0t audition and especially the range.

The substitution, in an aerial, of a looped copper wire for the plain copper wires now used, increases the power of the receiving station to such a degree, that a small amateur apparatus, barely able to receive signals from a transmitting station 400 kilometers away, will be able to receive signals from a station 1,600 kilometers away.

The use of a looped conducting wire, in place of the plain wire now used in radio telephony and radio-telegraphy apparatus, extends to any and every part of such apparatus, e. g., aerials, self-induction coils, vario-couplers, basket or bee-hive coils and any other kinds of inductances, whether fixed or variable. It will be found that thereby the need ol? condensers is greatly reduced; in fact. in certain cases, they may be dispensed with altogether, so great is the tuning power (syntonisat-ion) secured by merely using the looped wire.

The looped wire may be of copper and its alloys, either uncovered or covered with tabric, varnish or otherwise insulated;

The diameter of the ideal cylinder on which the looped wire is wound is 3 or 4 times the diameter of the wire loops, the insulation included, if there be any;

The pitch of the helix of the looped wire may vary from one-half to three-fourths of the diameter of the loop, according to the thickness of the wire.

A looped wire according to the present invention, as experiments therewith have shown, is capable of receiving and disposing of a volume of sound greater than that of which plain wire is capable.

()n the accompanying drawing showing diagrammatically how the looped wire can be employed in various parts of radiotelephonic ap )aratus,

Figure 1 shows a vario-coupler, the winding of which consists of a single looped wire, wound just like a plain wire;

Fig. 2 shows, how a single looped wire may be employed in an aerial;

Fig. 3 shows a wave intercepting panel in which the looped wire is used;

Fig. 4 shows, how the looped wire may be employed in an inductance of the honeycomb type.

Fig. 5 is side elevation of Fig. 4.

The. small loops, as will be seen, are of small capacity distributed over the successive spirals. The pitch of the small loops reduces the losses but increases the syntonisation and the wave length.

The currents produced in the small loops are neutralized by the currents produced in the opposite loops, in which way interference is practically eliminated. The electric field of the inductance is the induction produced by the winding of the small loopsand the position of the spirals.

I claim:

1. An inductance or tuning coil for wireless apparatus, comprising a coil support and a winding thereon consisting of a conductor having a low electrical resistance formed of a series of continuous small loops surrounding the conductor in spirals.

2. An inductance or tuning coil for wireless apparatus, comprising a coil support and a winding thereon consisting of a conductor having a low electrical resistance formed of a series of continuous small loops having a diameter three or four times the diameter of the wire and surrounding the support in spirals.

3. An inductance or tuning coil for Wire- 5 less apparatus, comprising a coil support and a winding thereon, consisting of a conductor having a low electrical resistance formed of a series of continuous small loops of a pitch from one-half to three-fourths of the diameter of said support and surround- 1o ing said support in spirals.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

ROMEO RANZINI. 

